Assessment of Small-Scale Microplastics Abundance and Characterization in Urban River: A Case Study in Metro River, Indonesia

Microplastic pollution is a pressing environmental concern with detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. This study aimed to investigate microplastic contamination in rapidly urbanizing area along river examine the spatial distribution of abundance across based land use type. Seven sampling points were selected site samples extracted using density separation wet peroxidation (WPO) methods. The characteristics particles, including size, color, shape, abundance, analyzed understand their properties. results indicated that values ranged from 28.33 133.00 particles/liter, an average 73.55 particles/liter. Small particles (SMP), sizes ranging 1 μm mm, fragment shapes, clear colors predominant area. A generalized additive model was utilized assess relationship between abundance. demonstrated significant influence built-up areas presence microplastics (p-value < 0.05), r2 value 0.76. Residential near identified as likely primary sources microplastics.